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Is a technique to determine a ship's approximate position by applying to the last established charted position a vector or series of vectors representing true courses and speed through the water. With this EP construction we improved our position accuracy.ĭo not rely on an EP as much as a Fix moreover, a DR position is even less reliable. This is done by drawing a line from the DR position at the coinciding time of the LOP perpendicular to the LOP the intersection is marked by a square instead of an ellipse. In the example an estimated position is constructed using a single LOP and the ship's dead reckoning position.
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In the meantime we aim to plot an estimated position.Īn estimated position is based upon whatever incomplete navigational information is available, such as a single LOP, a series of depth soundings correlated to charted depths, or a visual observation of the surroundings. To determine the ship's position with one aid to navigation we can use a “ running fix ”, see below when a second LOP becomes available afterwards. It is sometimes impossible to obtain more than one LOP at a time.
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In practice, we should consider each LOP as the average bearing in a wider sector of for instance 10°. This indicates that there are errors involved in at least one of the bearings taken.
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Often, however, a triangle occurs when a third LOP is added in the construction. If two LOPs intersect we can construct a position fix → the ship's position on the earth. The example above on the left shows a yacht that will avoid the dangerous wreck as long as the islets don't overlap. In the middle of the channel both lights will appear vertically “in line".Įven when there are no man-made structures available – which would create a range – a transit line or transit bearing can be found by using natural features such as coastlines and islets. When looking towards any leading lights, the nearest one will be lower , In this case they indicate the safe approach towards the Wildrooz port by marking the channel between the dangerous rocks along a true course of 50°. In depth: ranges and leading lines ranges and leading lines. These pairs of lights are called leading lights producing a leading line: the recommended track. One of these four ranges consists of two lights that are intentionally placed to provide an LOP. less distance between the vessel and the closest aid to navigation.more distance between the two landmarks.The map of Wildrooz island above on the right shows four examples of ranges, each consisting of two aids to navigation: Note that with a handheld compass only the variation needs to be applied to a bearing the deviation table refers to errors specifically of the steering compass, see previous chapter previous chapter.Ī precise way to obtain a LOP – and without a compass – is to locate two aids to navigation in line. LOP → our position is somewhere on this line: 50° towards (or 180° + 50° = 230° eminating from) the oil rig. This course first needs correction for both the deviation – according to our current heading, see deviation card or graph deviation card or graphīefore plotting a Line of Position (LOP) in the chart as a true course. Taking a compass bearing on this oil rig with a steering compass provides us with a “compass course” or “bearing”.